CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Current Ecological Trend:
2.0 Unbalanced Relation between human beings and Nature
3.0 Ecology and the Modern world
4.0 Ecological Problems:
4.1 Climate Change
4.2 Human Causes of Climate Change:
4.3 Depletion of Ozone Layer
4.4 Global warming and greenhouse
effect:
4.5 Deforestation
4.6 Effects on Health
4.7 Sea Level Rise
5.0 Ethical Response:
5.1 Importance of climate
Ethics
5.2 Future generation should
inherit a safe place on earth from the present generation:
5.3 Responsibility for the
Past
5.4 Intra-country Inequality
and Climate Equity
5.5 Inter-generational
Dimension
5.6 The Potential of a Global
Climate Movement
5.7 Green Investments
5.8 Ecocentrism
5.9 Deep Ecology
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Modern Science and Technology and its violence against earth
Introduction: Today, the ecological crisis has become a major problem of humanity. The world is getting warmer day by day, this is an early warning for us people of the world. Air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, greenhouse problems, ozone problems, noise problems, etc. are the problems we face. Ecological balance is important for the survival of future generations. This is a question of human survival in the future, so ecology cannot be affected.
Today's daily work supports the destruction of ecosystems. Industrialization, urbanization, development, modernization are done in ecological graves. Ice in the Arctic and Antarctic is melting, causing sea levels to rise. Many lands are flooded and people are suffering. Humanity in the world today is threatened by its own mistakes.
1.0 Current Ecological Trends: Ecologists say that ecology refers to the beneficial relationship between living organisms and their environment. Maintaining this relationship is critical to the continued health of natural ecosystems and humans. Since the modern industrialized civilization, the ecological problems of the world have worsened and this has become a known fact. Habitats in many parts of the world have been destroyed or destroyed by human activities.
For example, the recent earthquake in Japan and the nuclear power plant disaster it caused are good examples of this. The seas and oceans, which provide a safe and stable environment for many aquatic organisms, are now heavily polluted by industrial wastes and the use of illegal chemicals. As a result, the habitats of various aquatic creatures are destroyed, the water is not clean and causes problems for human health.
So is the air we breathe. The truest story in the world is told by our selfish way of life.
It is understood that the world is warming every year. Scientists predict that if this trend continues, the world will warm by the end of the century. [1]
2.0 The relationship between humans and nature: If ecological problems stem from the relationship between humans and nature, this is also true. The relationship between man and nature is unequal and even tense because the relationship is unequal.
Nature continues to do its best to make natural ecosystems work for all of us. It is also impeccable when it comes to the problem of degradation and degradation of natural ecosystems. Because science tells us that nature also protects us from the dangerous red light of the sun. The oceans also absorb most of the carbon dioxide we release into the atmosphere every day. It also gives us everything we need to enjoy life abundantly.
It also provides sufficient rainfall for all our agricultural and other purposes.
We treated them badly when they were kind enough to help us with our health. This shows that the relationship between man and nature is unequal and therefore unequal. Although nature and other creatures work to improve our lives, we humans harm them with our selfish and immoral lifestyles. We see that this relationship between man and nature is the cause of the ecological problems we face today.
[2]
3.0 Ecology and the Modern World: Moltmann, like many scientists today, said that the environmental crisis is not a "human crisis of the natural environment" but a "crisis of humanity". Life in this world is "so simple and irreversible that it would be unfair to describe this problem" as the end of the world. It's not a temporary problem. The world is for creation." He sees modernity as a power project.
It is a program of violence against the weak that has done great harm to both humans and nonhumans. It denounces human domination or modern occupation as a millennial dream of civilization.
The ecological crisis is believed to be an irreversible catastrophe, where "weak animals will be destroyed first", then "strong animals will be destroyed, and finally humans." It is paradoxical that man's destruction ultimately leads to his own destruction. It is also thought that today's industrial economy and the global economy are responsible for the current ecological problems.
It is thanks to today's system that "organisms on Earth have lost their balance and are heading towards global ecological death". The natural world, which people see stronger day by day, has left its place to a new world. that the people themselves are against. It has become difficult to see, manage and control this world. "[3]
4.0 Ecological Considerations:
4.1 Climate Change: The term "climate" is an abstract concept representing the sum of all atmospheric phenomena of a place at any time of the year.
Climate change is a significant and permanent change in the distribution of climate patterns from tens to millions of years. This could be the average climate change or the average distribution of events. Climate change may be limited to certain regions, or it may occur all over the world. The most common definition of climate change, when considered in the long term, is change in the climate stock for whatever reason. The term is sometimes used to refer specifically to climate change caused by human activities, rather than climate change that may result from Earth's natural processes.
In fact, the term climate change is synonymous with anthropogenic global warming, especially when used in the context of environmental policy. However, scientific evidence shows that global warming refers to an increase in temperature, while climate change includes global warming and changes in the atmosphere from carbon monoxide emissions that lead to above-average global temperatures and climate change. Thus, climate change can be understood as a change in global climate or a change in temperature and climate in a region or the world. [4]
4.2 Anthropogenic causes of climate change: The Industrial Revolution of the nineteenth century saw the largest use of fossil fuels in the economy.
These industries created jobs and over the years people migrated from cities to cities. Even today, with the advent of globalization and modernization, this mentality persists. More vegetation covering the land is being cleared to make room for housing, business and other developments. Natural resources are widely used in construction, industry, transportation and consumption. Consumption is increasing rapidly and population growth has reached a dizzying level.
As a result, the demand of the masses and the demand for economic raw materials lead to the destruction of natural resources to a large extent, which in turn has an impact on the climate.
4.3 Depletion of the Ozone Layer: The ozone layer is nature's sunscreen, a vulnerable layer in the stratosphere that protects the Earth from the sun's harmful UV radiation that can cause other harm and destroy life. The main gases used are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methane, nitrous oxide, methyl chloride, and chemicals produced in factories and industries. These oils are used in air conditioning, refrigeration, aerosols, electrical and metal cleaning, foam systems and modern fire protection.
The release of the gas into the atmosphere can cause thinning of the ozone layer, where the sun penetrates the earth's surface and warms the atmosphere, leading to climate change.
I
4.4 Global warming and greenhouse: A greenhouse is a glass room in which plants are grown, providing a warmer climate than outside. Due to the temperature between these glass rooms, plants grow and develop better than these glass rooms. The glass material allows incoming solar radiation to pass through but blocks the reflected radiation, thus providing an internal heat source for plants to grow on.
It may be asked how this greenhouse has anything to do with the environment. This is because some gases in the air have "glass
“like properties. In short, these gases play an important role in ensuring that solar radiation reaches Earth; causes global warming. These greenhouses act as a thermal blanket on Earth, effectively raising the Earth's temperature from normal to cold.
But scientists have noticed that over the years, the temperature on Earth has been gradually increasing with a warming known as "global warming."
This heat comes from the burning of fossil fuels such as oil and coal. When fuel is burned for an electric car or coal is burned to generate electricity, it releases carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide, methane and other gases into the atmosphere. These gases are called "greenhouse gases" because they trap heat from the Earth's surface in the Earth's atmosphere, much like a greenhouse traps heat from the sun. The gases among these gases help support animal and plant life by keeping the earth warm. The right amount of heat in the space. But because there is too much heat, it causes our climate to change.
4.5 Deforestation: Deforestation and felling of trees and deforestation are a big problem of our time, and forest is a big problem of our time and a major cause of climate change. Logging for commercial logging, conversion of forest areas to cattle ranches, agriculture and the establishment of large-scale industries and businesses have had a significant impact around the world. Deforestation by cutting and burning forest is often the way forward for agriculture and the carbon dioxide industry. Research shows that deforestation exacerbates the greenhouse effect caused by burning fossil fuels that emit carbon dioxide. Leaves absorb carbon dioxide and remove it from the surface.
But due to deforestation, carbon dioxide in the air has been depleted and it has collected heat from the sun, causing global warming. Deforestation is causing changes in regional and even global climate patterns.[5]
4.6 Effects on Health: Health from air pollution has been a major
concern since ancient times. The early institution was thought to be
responsible for the high pneumonia cases in London. Scientists want to know if
it's arsenic or mercury that's causing the damage. Derry's smoke has been
associated with increased deaths. But the relationship between the two has been
proven in this century.
The most famous event, the Great
Fog of 1952, killed an estimated 4,000 people as a result. A major source of
pollution and health are victims. The main problem is that there are many
differences between studies and the main effect of smoking on lung diseases.
Air pollution can affect many aspects of the respiratory system, including the
most vulnerable parts of the body. In addition to respiratory diseases,
pollution affects many parts of the body.
The eye is sensitive to some
contaminants, but tears usually clear up irritants such as PAN. At normal impurity
concentration, the skin is not affected. Hair provides ample room to absorb and
diffuse pollutants. However, there is no general explanation for the hazards,
other than the problem that cities need to be cleaned more often. [6]
4.7 Sea level rise: Melting polar ice caps cause sea level rise.
Sea level is predicted to rise from 30 to 150 centimeters by 2050. If the
latter happens, many major cities will be flooded: sea levels will rise 100
times faster than the previous world Many countries risk not finding a
financial solution. A meter rise in sea level could submerge more than 10% of
Bangladesh.
Other countries such as Egypt and
India will be hit hardest. Half of the Pacific People's Republic - all small
countries - are at risk. Some will disappear. With its fertile soil and
abundant food production, the delta is at greatest risk; growing food areas
will be lost. Drinking water can cause poisoning due to salivation.
[7]
5.0 Ethical Responses:
5.1 Importance of climate ethics: Setting a global cap depends on
how the interests of present generations are weighted against future
generations and whether emissions are allocated according to the world cap.
belief about the necessary role of electricity use in human life, the
importance of the question of historical responsibility, and the current needs
and future aspirations of a particular community. The implications of ethics
for climate policy are therefore clear. Scientists, politicians, negotiators,
activists and journalists often do not speak clearly about climate ethics or
morality, but often share responsibility for emissions and related standards
and measures to address the problem.
This is a fair question! [8]
5.2 Future generations should henceforth have a safe place in the
world: not just a rich place for the people living in the world now. It
should be left as a legacy to future generations. Allah did not create for one
generation, but for the next generation.
According to the psalmist,
Jehovah has been the abode of his people for all generations (Psalm 90:1). God
created the world as a place where people can live in the future. Any use of
this world is a crime against humanity because it prevents future generations
from enjoying new places. The apostle Paul gave the father of every Christian
family an important duty not to anger the children of the family, but to raise
them in accordance with the teaching and teaching of the Lord (Ephesians 6:4).
This means that fathers must waive any rights they deem inappropriate for their
children, including the right to live in a healthy environment.
The teaching of the Lord is
inseparable from the preservation of the conditions that descendants will
inherit. [9]
5.3 Responsibility to the past: When the precautionary principle
states that "action on climate change is morally necessary", the next
question is "Who is this? The reduced costs and benefits of climate
change." The toll for climate change.”
Some philosophers and other
writers also say that “thinking about the past is impractical.”
For example, they argue that this
will cause developing countries to abandon this agreement. On the other hand,
"poor countries will be affected if past behavior is not taken into
account". [10]
5.4 Inequality and climate justice in countries: Gardner writes
that some countries and writers may oppose some solutions to climate problems
and policies because "it is not because there are many rich people in poor
countries and many poor people in rich countries". There is no."
[11]I
5.5 Differences between variables: Gardner raises another important
problem. "Most analyzes describe climate change across generations,"
he says, but for him, "the most important thing is probably communication
that benefits from electricity generation; Modern humans will ignore the worst
of climate change because of egoistic power. [12]
5.6 The potential of global climate action: In his commentary,
Nagraj Adve reflects on Jonathan Neale's conclusions and discusses the
potential of global action. Neal shows that individual measures are not enough
to solve global warming. “We need massive public works, massive government
intervention and global governance.
However, with effective results
against necessary intervention, it will take great force to manipulate these
changes to force the current elites to take action or replace them with people
willing to do so.
People must "control their
societies and economies through the transformation of economic power" to
save the world. [13]
5.7 Green Investment: Hazel Henderson writes: "Global Climate
Change Scoreboard, solar, wind, geothermal, hydro, ocean, multi-building,
batteries, energy storage, smart grids and urban development since 2007. large
pension funds and foundations are currently investing in the capital.
The International Monetary Fund
($13 trillion) announced in September 2009 that its assets would lead the
transition to the development of a green world economy. "[14]
5.8 Ecocentrism: While the
word ecocentrism is the root of ecosystems, ecocentrism will give an ethical
perspective to multiple environments, including the biosphere as a whole,
species, soil, water and air, and Ecosystems, diversity Ecologically based
holistic environmental ethics ( may be called ecological centrism) is not very
close to the family of anthropocentric or biocentric environmental ethic.
Lawrence E. Johnson (1991) sought
to do more ethics by expanding biocentrism even further, but by increasing
interest in animals and ecosystems, thereby creating a culture that influences
species and ecosystems. It follows the Great Teacher by recognizing that all
interests are not equal and all people are, as stated in Johnson's ethical
principles, there is no such thing as justice, although it is moral at its core.
But Johnson has no principles or methods for determining preferences and those
who have those preferences. Nor does it provide an ethical way to resolve
conflicts between humans, animals and plants, and even more difficultly between
all humans and the environment as a whole. [15]
5.9 Deep Ecology: Proponents of deep ecology believe that all
living things have some value or value when the same people are given the right
to thrive, even if it is beneficial. All life is interconnected and organisms,
including humans, depend on other organisms for their ecological functions.
Proponents of deep ecology tend to oppose the degradation of nature rather than
the satisfaction of basic needs. The long-term integrity and health of Earth's
ecosystems is a moral imperative. According to the principle of the deep
ecology movement, the roots of the ecological crisis stem from a false,
anthropocentric attitude towards human domination in the world.
These cultural and consumer
trends cannot be overcome without major changes in society, including changes
in the lifestyles of people living in wealthy countries. This change may be
caused by an ideological or religious basis that fosters a sense of personal
responsibility not only for the current society but also for the future society,
flora and fauna. Many countries are now overpopulated; population growth will
reduce the quality of human and non-human life. Therefore, reducing the number
of people is desirable and can be achieved in many countries by lowering the
birth rate. Deep ecology supports ecological sustainability and human
development by preserving the richness and diversity of life on Earth.
This approach is said to be
biocentric (life centered) rather than anthropocentric (human life centered).
It includes what Leopold (1949) called "the land": mountains,
valleys, forests, grasslands, and estuaries. For example, on this view,
plantations should not include the production of large plantations solely for
the purpose of producing wood and fiber for human consumption. These plants
inherently lack the biodiversity, complexity, health, and integrity of natural
ecosystems. They are not real biomes.[16]
Conclusion: The ecological crisis is a global problem as
it affects all peoples and countries around the world. No country can escape
the truth and say we are not satisfied, because it is about everyone's right to
exist. Indifference and ignorance in this matter constitutes a violation of
human rights. Interestingly, ecological problems bring people together and make
them realize human fraternity. It also helps people feel a new sense of moral
responsibility.
Natural disasters such as storms,
floods, landslides caused by ecological problems would be unfair to a deaf
person from the suffering of others. We all need to recognize our role in
causing ecological problems and be willing to take responsibility. There is a
saying, "If you pass me today, I will pass tomorrow". If we destroy
the ecosystem today, we will destroy ours tomorrow. It is our moral responsibility
to protect our children and grandchildren by protecting ecosystems.
Bibliography :
Aung, Salai Hla. “Eco-Justice:
Can We Ignore?.” in Eco Justice .edited by Hubert M. Watson. Bangalore : Indian
Theological Alumni of the Universitat Regensbur and BTESSC, 2011.
Desrochers, John csc. The climate Change Challenge. Bangalore :
NBCLC/CSA, 2012.
J. Baird Callicott,”Environmental Ethics,”Bio Ethics 4th edition(edited by Bruce Jennings;
Michigan: Gale Cengage Learning,2014 ),1006-1007.
Sethi, M.S. Global Air Pollution.
New Delhi: Commonwealth Publishers, 2007.
Watson, Rajula Annie. A Christian
Understanding of Land Ethics. Delhi: ISPCK, 2004.
Zulunungsang, Lemtur. Climate Refugees. Kohima : TDCC, 2015.
[1] Salai Hla Aung,
“Eco-Justice: Can We Ignore?,” in Eco
Justice (edited by Hubert M. Watson; Bangalore : Indian Theological Alumni
of the Universitat Regensbur and BTESSC, 2011),45-46.
[2] Salai Hla Aung,
“Eco-Justice: Can We Ignore?,” in Eco
Justice ,47-48.
[3] Rajula Annie Watson, A Christian Understanding of Land Ethics
(Delhi: ISPCK, 2004), 211-212.
[4] Zulunungsang Lemtur, Climate Refugees (Kohima : TDCC,
2015),1-2.
[5] Zulunungsang Lemtur, Climate Refugees,6-9.
[6] M.S. Sethi, Global Air Pollution (New Delhi:
Commonwealth Publishers, 2007), 97-101.
[7] M.S. Sethi, Global Air Pollution, 129-130.
[8] John Desrochers csc, The climate Change Challenge (Bangalore
: NBCLC/CSA, 2012), 213-214.
[9] Salai Hla Aung,
“Eco-Justice: Can We Ignore?,” in Eco
Justice,103.
[10] John Desrochers csc, The climate Change Challenge (Bangalore
: NBCLC/CSA, 2012), 214-215.
[11] John Desrochers csc, The climate Change Challenge, 219-220.
[12] John Desrochers csc, The climate Change Challenge, 225.
[13] John Desrochers csc, The climate Change Challenge, 421.
[14] John Desrochers csc, The climate Change Challenge, 408.
[15] J. Baird
Callicott,”Environmental Ethics,”Bio
Ethics 4th edition(edited by Bruce Jennings; Michigan: Gale
Cengage Learning,2014 ),1000.
[16] J. Baird
Callicott,”Environmental Ethics”;Bio
Ethics 4th edition,1000.
0 Comments